Typewriter for writing continuously in opposite directions



Dec. 18, 1951 G. zm'r TYPEWRITER FOR WRITING CONTINUOUSLY IN OPPOSITEDIRECTIONS 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Oct. 28, 1948 I awe/WM George Z/nfxl/finrneys Dec. 18, 1951 G. zm'r TYPEWRITER FOR WRITING CONTINUOUSLY INOPPOSITE DIRECTIONS 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 28, 1948 w v 3 3 I a v1fa t I m fimg w K n 4 2 0 N o3 E F as v I 51 I Q m 7 NM Q N R 7 R mm \mmm George Z/nf Afforneys Dec. 18, 1951 G. ZINT TYPEWRITER FOR WRITINGCONTINUOUSLY IN OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 1 Filed Oct. 28,1948 A'f/orreys Geo/ye 2/77 TYPEWRITER FOR WRITING CONTINUOUSLY INOPPOSITE DIRECTIONS Filed Oct. 28,- 1948 -6 Sheets-Sheet 4 W m is; m

/ 225 m #8 w v I George Z//# W I 7 W m, ym WW A'ffo/"neys I Dec. 18,1951 G. ZlNT 2,578,771

TYPEWRITERFOR WRITING CONTINUOUSLY IN OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS Filed Oct. 28,1948 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Dec. 18, 1951 zl -r 2,578,771

TYPEWRITER FOR WRITING CONTINUOUSLY v IN OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS Filed Oct.28, 1948 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 Patented Dec. 18, 1951 OFFICE TYPEWRI-TER FQRWRITING GON TINU- Li OUSLY 'IN OHPOSITE2DI R1ECTIONS GeorgeZint,iWapakqneta, hio

Application October 28, 1948, Serial No5573058 7 r '2 Cla ms 1 llinvention relates to :typewriters .and snore particularly to a .powerdriven machine which will write continuously :from left .to right :andfrom right to lefteso ;that:every other .typed line must be .readbackward or from right :to left. While such a typewriter :is .a radicaldeparture from machines :.now use, it has certain advantages.whichwillpbemhereinafter \pointed out.

The invention lembodieska machine :in @Which the platen-carried carriageis continuously reciprocated at a constant speed in both directions byan electric motor :or other driving means, :and in which .the rotaryplaten is automatically turned for the spacing of the 'lines of typedmatter .atxeachend --.of each reciprocation 0f the carriage. Hence inusing the machine all the operator need do is to -insert the 'paper "andmanipulate the-keys.

The invention also embodies :in a machine of this character, means forproducing an intermittent audible signal which indicates the speed oftravel of the reciprocatingcarriageand hence indicates-to the operatorwhen the =keys are to be struck so that the operator -may cause thedesired spacing between the' letters of words-and between words andsentences, or other typed matter.

The invention 'further embodies in a machine of this character :manuallyoperated means ior rendering the automatic line spacing means--111-operative to permit :the :platen -to be manually rotated for theinsertiomand removal of paper or forotherpurposes.

Theobject of the invention the provision of a typewriter -of the abovementioned --character which willhave few parts of simple "constructionand hencemay be produced at-a-lower cost'than typewriters now in use,"which will be easy on the operator, and which will effect a-savingintime as compared with present day machines.

fllhe :invention rresides Lin Lthe combinations of elements,arrangements 'eofaparts andieatures of construction, tall as will bemore fully :pointed out hereinafter, and disclosed-tinthes-accompanyingdrawingsl in Whichathespresent=preferredembodiment-oftheinvention;isrillustrated.

:Inthedrawings:

, Rig is-atop; plan View of one formof mechanism embodying theinvention.

Fig, 215 a front elevational-tview. Fig. 3 is a rear! elevationaleview.

:Fig. is anienlarged .:sectional viewtakenzsdbstantia1ly=cntthGilil'lEkA-r? 'rcfxl lig. :1 -:as aviewedsin the direction: indicatedbyitheiarrows.

151 :5 ais aan sen larged :top .npl-an tview J'Of eithe .12 mechanismfor ;.imnanting ro ry m vemen 11 the p a en, certainm ntions-thereof:bei b ok away, and certain 5601166311 11 elemen th reobeingindicatedinrdottedllines.

Fig. :6 .;is la-detail 'everticalrsectional view taken substantially.;alon athe Ame s6 5 10 ,E 1, h viewedcin the :directionsindicatedsbythaarrows.

Fig. :17 .215 ,a isectional gview taken substa tial along theilinefl-a'lcf;=:Ei .;t5 asiy w dina hfi irectiongindicatedbylthearrows.

."Fig. elais :a :viewzsimilaratorli ig; :7s0n areduced scale, ;showing.icertain operative ,l-parts ,of the mechanismin ia1;difierent positionof a.di11tmentl 1.:Fig. :8 is la sectional mew taken substantially along{the line ;-.8.?"8 10f uFjg. .ifi icertain ,portions thereoibeinglbroknraway, andzcertainiconcealed elements zbeing :mdicate ch in {dottedlines.

Fig. 8a is a sectional view similart-toEi 58,011 a reducedscalazbutitakenionelines 8ae-;8alof, ;F ig. 5, certaineofszthei'operative ;pants :.of;.;the :apparatusbeingzdisclosedginialdifierent sposition ofadjustmentiromithoseinfrFigztl.

;Fig. :9 :a isectional= view :taken substantially along the lined-5:9 ofeFlig. 5 -.assviewed;in1the directionlindicatedabyrthezamtows.

vliigJQuuis a'sviewisimilar ito::Eig.:r9 but disclosing certainoperative-elementssin1a,-;different:position of adjustment.

:iFigs. :10, ll sand :12 care perspective views 'Of certain:ccnstructional-edetails.

z.-Fig. 13 is aanienlarged sectional viewataken substantially.v alongthejineslfie g I61 of Fig. ,1.

Fig. 14:;3 perspective view of-iafurther constructional detail.

?Fig. :15 iszan .enlargedisectionaliviewtakemsubstantiallyialongzthetline .l15-.,l5: ofi Fig.;3 .ass/iewedinzthe direction indicated by:the.arrows,.and

:Fig. 1611san.-en1arged:perspectiverviewloftaafurtherzconstructionalsdetail,certainlconcealedrportions thereof ibeing "indicated iin :dotted lines.

--Simil-ar reference lcharacters :refer ;to similar parts ithroughoutrthe :several @views .Oflthe drawmgs.

.The illustrated :.-embodiment ;of athe invention has beenlbuiltaona;i\lo.z9s0liver'typewriteramade by Oliver z'lypewriter :llompany .aofChicago, 51111- nois. {Ihe' keys, thetrp ibars;operated'bythelkeys and;o;ther;parts of ;the' -typQWritersznotessentialzfor an understandingfQf athe invention have been omittedf-rom \theiflrawingsfor: thesakeloft clear.- ness. Themaintframebfatheatypewritereisshown conventionallyzbroken lines, :and =0I11y the rotaryiplaten and its reciprocatingcarriage with the supporting and guiding tracks for the latter are showniull lines. 'iIt is :of course to be 3 understood that these old partsmay take various forms.

Most of the new operative parts of the invention are supported from aC-shaped support or frame member 29 which may be fastened to the mainframe 24 of the typewriter at a plurality of places but as shown inFigs. 1 and 4, its ends are secured by bolts 2 and nuts 22 to an uprightintermediate bar] or flange 23' of the frame 24. Main supporting member29 has positioned transversely thereacross a plate or bar 25, one end ofwhich extends a substantial distance outwardly of the typewriter frameand servesas a support for mechanism to be more fully describedhereinafter. The other end of bar 25 is provided with a depending flange25, adapted to be secured by means of suitable bolts passed throughapertures 21 in one side of main support 29. Se-

cured upon the end of bar 25 adjacent dependingflange 29 as by means-ofbolts 28 is a transversely extending supporting bar or member 29,provided with an upwardly turned extremity 39 (see Fig. 3), to whichissecured as by bolts 3| and nuts 32 a suitably shaped mounting plate 33for a power unit. The latter preferably comprisesa suitable constantspeed electric motor 31 with a speed reduction gear 31a and a constantspeed driven shaft 98. The unit has attaching brackets 36 securedby'bolts 34 and nuts 35 to portions of plate 33. The unit also includesa motor control switch 44 with a pivoted operating lever 43. Fixed toshaft 38 is a sleeve 39 having secured to it by a set screw 4| acylindrical collar 49 carrying a pin 42 which is disposedeccentricallywith respect to the power motorshaft 38 and the purpose of which is todrive the mechanism to reciprocate the typewriter carriage as describedbelow.

Main frame member 29 isprovided with oppositely aligned pairs of holes55 through which pass bolts 56 tosecure oppositely disposed uprightoffset brackets 51 provided at their upper ends with bearings'58 inwhich are mounted the ends of a shaft 59. Shaft 59 carries a pair ofcollars 69 secured by set screws BI, the collars 69 comprising the endsof cylindrical member 62 having cross or double screw'threads cut in thesurface thereof. This cross or duplex screw 62 serves to move a camfolloweror 'nut member, to

be more fully described hereinafter, linearly from one collar 69 to theother, the direction of travel of the member being reversed by thecontour of the helix coacting with an inclined surface 63 on each collar69.

The end of shaft 59 adjacent motor 37 carries a sleeve 64 provided atits extremitywith a collar 65 carrying a radially extending pin 66,which projects into the path of rotation of pin 42 in perpendicularrelation therewith. It is to be noted that sleeve 39 is in substantiallongitudinal or axial alignment with shaft 59 and hence when the driveshaft 39 is rotated eccentric pin 42 will move pin 66 to rotate theshaft 59 and hence the cross screw 62; The latter operates a travelingor reciprocatory member operatively con nected to the carriage ashereinafter described.

The rotary movement of shaft 59 is also used to operate the audiblesignaling means which will now be described. Sleeve 94 carries adjacentcollar 65, a second relatively large collar 61 which is provided with anannular series of equally spaced radial pins .68. In the illustratedembodiment four pins are shown but the number may be varied as desired.Pins 98 are, as best shown in Fig. 13, adaptedjtoengage the underside ofa 4 swinging striker 19 mounted by a pivot II on a post 12 secured as bya bolt 13, to the top surface of bar 29. A coiled spring I4 servesnormally to bias member I9 downwardly to hit an anvil or sounding memberI5, carried at the top of a post in the form of a bolt threaded in anopening in bar 29 and secured by a lock nut IT. The anvil 15 may be apiece of hard wood or other material set in a socket at the top of thepost so that a dull sound or click will be produced when it is hit bythe striker. It will thus be seen that when the shaft 59 is rotated bymotor 31 in the manner previously described pins 69 will successivelyraise striker I9 to the dotted line position disclosed in Fig. 13 andthen release it so that spring I4 will pull it down to strike anvil I5to produce a sound or signal. pins will produce equally spaced audiblesignals, the interval between signals being governed by the speed ofrotation of shaft 59 and its associated helical screw I52. Since thespeed of rotation of screw 92 governs, in a manner to be more fullypointed out thereinafter, the speed of travel of the typewriter carriageand its platen, it will be readily apparent that the frequency of theaudible signals will be indicative of the speed of travel of screw 62and consequently of the speed of the longitudinal movement of thetypewriter platen.

,On screw 62 is a traveling nut member or follower 89 which comprises acollar slidably surrounding the screw and having a radial bore 8I withinwhich is seated a cam follower including a cylinder 82 adapted'to rotatewithin the bore and a fiat lower tooth 83 having a concave under surface94. Tooth83 is adapted to travel in the helical grooves in screw 62, therotative movement of cylinder 82 permitting either groove to be followedselectively as the tooth is turned by the previously mentionedangledsurfaces 63 at the ends of the duplex or crossed threads of thescrew. An arcuate cover plate 85, secured to sleeve 99 by means ofscrews 89, is adapted to cover bore BI and hold the tooth in the helicalgrooves, a spacing washer I9 being secured to the top of cylinder 82 tofill the bore 8|.

While the carriage may be continuously reciprocated by various means, ithas been found that the cross or duplex screw 92 with its travelingmember 89 connected to the carriage is entirely satisfactory.

- As best shown in Fig. 15 collar 82 has threadedly secured thereto apin 81 which extends radially and forwardly into the space betweenblocks 88 secured as by bolts 99 to the upper surface of an ofisetbracket 99 attached to the typewriter carriage as seen in Fig. 4. Atransversely extending plate 9| secured in position as by bolts 92 tothe blocks 88, precludes vertical displacement of pin 81 from thechannel formed between said blocks.

The opposite and front end of offset bracket 99 is secured as by meansof bolts to a forwardly and rearwardly extending plate 96 which isinturn secured by bolts 91 to a bar 98 forming a portion of aconventional typewriter carriage. As best shown in Fig. 4, the carriageincludes upright end plates 99 having bearings for an axle or shaft I99upon which is secured a conventional typewriter platen I9 I. Thecarriage travels in a conventional manner on front and rear groovedrollers I92 and I93 running on front and rear' cylindrical tracks I94and I95 respec tively. These tracks are supported as seen in Fig. 4 byportions of the typewriter frame 24. A rectangular bar I96 is alsoprovided between end Obviously equal spacing of the plates .99 uponwhich. slides a member I06 having a .bearing for the axle oi. the singlerear roller I03. The otherend of the axle of this roller may be fixed tothibracket90. On the end of the platen shaft I adjacent the motor is aconventional knurled knob .I I1 for manual rotation thereof.

- From the foregoing it will now be seen that rotation of screw 62 willimpart continuous reciprocatory motion to the carriage of the typewriterand its platen IOI. It willadditionally be seen that if a key is struckat each sound of the previously described audible signaling means,accurate spacing of letters maybe accomplished, and that when a longerspace is desired, as between words or between sentences, it is onlynecessary to refrain from striking a key for one or more audiblesignals, thus doing awaywith the necessity for a space bar as inconventional machines. Likewise when the platen is traveling from leftto right the matter printed by the typewriter will appear in normalfashion, but when the platen is traveling in the opposite direction fromright to left the order of the letters will be reversed, andconsequently the line will be read backwards or from right to left,doing away with the necessity for switching the eyes all the way backfrom the right to the left side of the sheet.

At the right hand side or end of the machine is illustrated thepreferred manner of causing the platen to be automatically turned forline spacing at each end of each travel of the carriage; and alsomanually operated means for throwing out of operation the automaticstep-by-step platen turning means when it is desired to insert or removepaper or for other reasons. Briefly the automatic line spacer embodies apawl and ratchet mechanism associated with an extension of the platenshaft to turn it step-by-step and means actuated by the movement of thecarriage to operate said mechanism to cause the platen to be turned ateach end of each longitudinal movement of the carriage.

Referring now to the. line spacing mechanism it will be seen from Fig. 1that on the right hand end of the platen shaft is a sleeve-I08 securedby a set screw I01 and in the sleeve is secured by a set screw I09 asquare shaft III) forming an extension of the platen shaft I00. Securedas by bolts or rivets I20 to the extended end of bar 25 is a plate I2Iwhich extends forwardly to a point under the platen shaft extension H0.

The end of track I04 has secured thereto a cylindrical rod I35 (seeFigs. 3, 6 and 8) having a fiat portion I36 to underlie the extremity ofplate I2I and serve as an additional support therefor, a pin I31 servingas further alignin and securing means.

Secured on top of plate I2I by screws I22 is a U-shaped bearing orsupporting member I23 the legs of which have aligned cylindricalopenings I24 to rotatably receive shaft IIO as seen in Fig. 6. Acylindrical sleeve I25 having a square central opening to slidably butnon-rotatively receive shaft H0, is positioned between the legs ofsupport I23, and on that sleeve is a ratchet wheel I21 having a hubsecured to the sleeve by a set screw I26. The ratchet wheel is thusrotatably supported'and when turned will cause shaft H0 and henceplaten-I I! I to turn.

Suitably secured on opposite sides of the legs of supporting member I23are a pair of plates l ifiand IEIla provided with cylindrical bosses I3Iand I3Iarespectively. .{Ihese bosses have cylindrical bores L32therethrough, the boresbeing in alignment with the bores I24 androtatably receiving shaft IIO. It will thus beseen that, as best shownin Fig. 6, shaft IIO extends entirely through the assembly and islongitudinally movable with respect thereto, but that partial rotationof ratchet wheel I21 will beimparted, to shaft H0.

The ratchet wheel is actuated for line spacing by a pawl on a swingingcarrier or lever member which will now be described. Rotatably mountedon boss I3I is a sleeve I formed integral with an irregularly shapedmember generally indicated at MI in Fig. 11. This member I4I includes aplate I42 having a flat top and at its rear portion laterally projectingupper and lower lugs I43 and I44 respectively. The front or inner sidesof lugs I43 and I44 are of concavely arcuate configuration, adapted,when the parts are in related assembly (see Fig. 7) to be oppositeto andspaced from the teeth of ratchet wheel I21. An outer collar I45 securedby a set screw I46 to the projecting end of bearing boss I3I, retainsthe plate-sleeve I40 on said boss while permitting it to rotate. Asecond collar I41 having a radially projecting lug or finger 202 thepurpose of which will be hereinafter explained, is rotatably adjustableon sleeve I46 and is secured thereto by a set screw I48 as seen in Figs.5 and 6. The collar I41 overlies and rotates on a portion of collar I45.

The fiat tops of plate I42 and its upper lug I43 have adjustably securedthereon a fiat plate or bar I53 of generally rectangular shape, theconnection taking the form of a screw I5I passing through a slot I52 inplate I53 and engaging a threaded socket I in the top of lug I43. Therear end of plate I53 extends a substantial distance over plate memberI2I and terminates in anextension I54 to which is secured one end of acoil spring I55, the opposite end of which is secured to an eye I51carried by the upper sur face of plate I2I. The opposite end of plateI53 is provided with an upstanding lug I65 upon which is pivotallymounted as by a pivot I65, a ratchet ddg or pawl I62 biased, as by meansof a spring I63, into normal engagement with ratchet wheel I21.

The lower lug I44 has a horizontal threaded bore I65 in which is secureda screw I65 serving as an axle for a rotatablewheel I51. It will thus beseen that raising of the plate I53 by means of wheel I61, in a manner tobe more fully de-. scribed hereinafter, will cause pawl I62 to moverearwardly on ratchet I21, while release of the means elevating themechanism will permit spring I55 to bias the assembly downwardly andhence the engagement of pawl I62 with ratchet I61 will partially rotatethe latter, and conse quently the platen IIlI. A vertically extendingrod I10 secured to a block I1I mounted on plate I2l by means of screwI12 serves as a stop to limit downward movement of plate I53.

It is to be noted that plate I53, plate I42 and its sleeve or hub I40and finger carrying sleeve I41 are rigidly connected together to move asa single unit, and that they constitute'a swinging lever or carrier forthe ratchet actuating pawl I62, the unit pivoting on the bearing hub I3Iand being moved in one direction by the spring I55.

The means for moving the pawl carrier in the opposite direction may takethe form of a reciprocating cam I16 connected to and movable with thetypewriter carriage and adapted to engage and lift roller I61 duringeach travel of the carriage. Cam I16 is an arcuate raised portion on a'7 a bolt- I19 to a-plat'e I88 secured to the adiacen end wall ofthecarriage as seen in Fig. 1-. a

When cam I18 lifts the pawl carrier during each travel or longitudinalmovement of the carriage, pawl I82 is mov'ed backon the ratchetwheelpreferably the distance of one tooth for the single spacing oflines of typed matter, and the carrier is then held in its liftedposition until it is tripped at the end of a travel of the carriage andreleased so that spring I555 will pull the carrier down to cause thepawl to advance the platen for line spacing. The preferred form oftripping means is best shown in Fig. 8a andcomprises a slidable tripfinger I99 to support finger 282 on thecarrle'r and hold the latterelevated, said trip finger being adjustably clamped on a spring pressedrod I89 slidable on the supporting frame and adapted to be actuated bytwo spaced tripping dogs I18 and I82 which are movable with thecarriage. These parts will now be described in detail. The tripping dogI82 as seen in Fig. 5 is in the form of an adjustable stop screwthreaded through an opening in a plate I8I secured by screws on top ofplate I88, a set screw I83 being provided to lock said dog in itsadjusted position. The other tripping dog I18 is also in the form of astop screw threaded through the short arm of an L-shaped block I11having its long arm secured by screws to the extended end ofthe camcarrying bar I15, a lock nut being provided on the screw to retain it inadjusted position. These two stops or dogs are in axial alignment withthe trip carrying rod I89 as seen in Fig. 1. Rod I89 has its endportions slidable in spaced guide lugs I81 at the ends of a bar I85extending transversely across the top of plate I2I to which it issecured as shown in Fig. 8a. Fixed to the center of rod I89 is a blockI98 and between the latter and the lugs I81 are two coil springs I92 ofequal tension surrounding said rod. These springs normally position thetrip finger I99 in the path of swinging movement of the coacting finger282 on the pawl carrier. Finger I99 has its upper portion notched orreduced so that its fiat upper extremity 28I is of slightly less widththan ringer 282. This finger is bored to slidably receive rod I89 andfrom the bore to its lower extremity it is slit so that it may beadjustably clamped on the rodby a bolt or screw 288 passed through itssplit lower end. Rod I89 is cylindrical and to prevent it from turning ablock I95 is secured by a screw near one of its ends, the block carryinga rod or plate I91 secured by a screw I96 and adapted to slide upon theflat bottom of the cross bar I81 as shown in Fig. 3a.

In order to prevent retrograde rotation of ratchet wheel I21 aspring-pressed pawl 2H3 is mounted on the frame for engagement with theteeth of the wheel. As best seen in Figs. 2 and 7 a bracket plate 295 issecured as by means of screws 286 to the front edge of U-shaped memberI23, and is provided with an extending lug 281 having an upwardlyprojecting portion 288 upon which is pivotally mounted, as by means of apivot pin 289, the pawl 2I8. Pawl 2I8 is pressed inwardly intoengagement with ratchet I21 by means of a leaf spring 2II secured as bya bolt 2I2 and nut 2I3 to one leg 2M of an L-shaped bracket member 2I5,which in turn is secured to portion 288 of lug 281.

From the foregoing the operation of that portion of the platen rotatingmechanism so far described should be readily understandable. Assumingthe typewriter carriage to be in its extreme left position with plateI53 resting on stop I-I 8 as discloseclin Fig. 7 when the motor isactuated the platen and its associated carriage willtravel toward theright as viewed, for example, in Fig. -1. Cam H6 moving with thecarriage will engage wheel I61 and swing the pawl carrier on boss I3I'to the position. disclosed in Fig. 7a. Simultaneously springs I92 willserve to center rod I89 which will move the top surface 28I- offingerI99 beneath finger 282, andhold the pawl carrier in itsraised positiondisclosedin Fig. 7a. The parts will remain in suchlposition. until thecarriage almost. reaches the end of its travel to the right when dog.I82 will engage'the extremity of rod I 89 adjacent thereto, whereuponrod I88 will be forced out of centered position against the tension. ofone of saidsprings I92 to move; finger I99 from under finger 282. SpringI55 will then swing the pawl carrier downwardly to the position shown inFig. 7. Pawl I82 will simultaneously act against a tooth of ratchet I21to rotate shaft H18, and consequently platen I81, a distance equivalentto the space between typed lines. When finger 282 is in its loweredposition, finger I99 will be pressed against one side or the otherof itby one of the springs I192 until the cam again lifts the carrier,whereupon the spring I92 which is under tension. will move the trip. rodto bring its finger under finger 282 (see Fig. 80.). As the platen ismoved by screw 82 from one end of its path of travel to the other, theaction above described will be repeated. In other words cam I19 willraise the carrier as the carriage is moved in each direction and thetrip will release the carrier when rod I89 is engaged by either of thetripping dogs I18 or I82.

Means are provided for releasing both pawls 1'62. and'2I8 from theirengagement with ratchet wheel I21 in order to permit manual rotation ofplaten I8I by means of knob I11 when a sheet of paper is to be insertedin the machine. That is preferably accomplished by providing a knurledknob 228 having a bore 22I adapted to rotate on boss I3Ia of the plateI38a. The knob or hand wheel 228, as seen in Fig. 18, is pro vided withan offset portion 222 having an inner arcuate surface 223 adapted toextend over a portion of'ratchet wheel I21. That portion 222 is providedwith a notch 224 to receive pawl 2I8 and with a cam surface 225 adaptedto disengage said pawl from the teeth of the ratchet wheel when the knobis turned in one direction. Portion 222 is formed with another camsurface 226 adapted to underlie the actuating pawl I82 and lift it fromthe ratchet wheel when the knob is turned in said direction. A notch 221is cut in the member 222 to receive a stop pin 228 at the top of plateI38a (see Figs. 5 and 6) to limit the rotation of knob 228 in its pawlretracting movement. When the parts are in the position disclosed inFig. 9, a partial rotation of knob 228 will cause cams 225 and 226 tolift both pawls away from the teeth of the ratchet wheel as disclosed inFig. 9a. Obviously with the parts in the position disclosed in Fig. 9athe platen and its extended shaft II8 may be freely rotated, ratchet I21rotating therewith. Equally obviously, reverse rotation of knurled knob228 will release the pawls for engagement with ratchet wheel I21 andrestore the device to normal operative condition. A collar 238 securedas by a set screw 23I surrounds boss I3I and serves to hold knob 220rotatably on boss I3l.

Upon reference to Figs. 1 and 7 it will noted thatcambar I15 slides. ontop of plate .I2I and 9. isguided-in-its reciproeatorymovement with thecarriage byblpck" File and one side of the cross bar I85 which 'carriesthelugs I81.

:It is believed that the operation of the entire mechanismw-ilt beclear. from the foregoing de tailed description of theconstruction andoperation of the various elements.

It; is appreciated that before-this machine can supplant typewriters nowin use, the general public mnstbeeducated 130s readeveryother typed linebackwardlor from right to left. However it is believed. this machinewould be useful as a training or practice machine in schools teachingtypewriting. Much: paper could be saved by using paper. fed from a rollof paper suitably supported on the carriage. A person-learning totypewrite would: simply have to listen to the audible signals andoperate the keys, and hence could gain much speeds in striking the keys.If the" machine can be brought into: general use much? time could besaved in doing typewritten .wcrlr since the operator would not have toactu "ate aspacer bar ormanuallyreturn the carriage at the end of eachline. Time would also be saved and there would be less strain on theeyes; .if the typedma-tter is read continuously frum left torightandxfrom' right to left.

While the present preferred embodiment of the invention has beenillustrated and described in detail,it is to beunderstood that allmatter herein is to be interpreted merely as illustrative and not' inalimitingsense.

I I claim 1 In a typewriter, a reciprocatory carriage carrying arotatablepl'aten, power driven means for continuously reciprocating saidcarriage from left to right and fromright toleft' at a constant speed,means for automatically turning said platen for line spacing at each endof each travel or said carriage, and audible signaling means chanicalmeans positively driven from said shaft for continuously reciprocatingsaid carriage from left to" right" and f-romright-to left at a constantspeed andmeanscontrolledby the movement'of said carriage forautomatically turning said platen for line spacing at each end of eachtravel of said carriage.

4. In a typewriter, a reciprocatory carriage carrying a rotatableplaten, power driven means for continuously reciprocating said carriagefrom left to right and from right to left at a constant speed and meansfor automatically turning said platen for line spacing at each end ofeach travel of said carriage, said automatic turning means beingactuated by the movement of said carriage as it reaches each end of itstravel.

5. The structure of claim 4. together with manually operated means forrendering said automatic turning means inoperative to permit manualturning of said platen.

6. In a typewriter, a reciprocatory carriage carrying arotatable platen,power driven means for continuously" reciprocating said carriage fromleft wright-and from right to left at a constant speed, means forautomatically turning said platen for line spacing at eachend of eachtravel of said carriage, a spring for actuating said automatic turningmeans, and a cam connected with saidcarriage for controlling theactuation of saidv automatic turning means by its actuating spring. v iI {It The structure of claim 1- in which said signaling means comprisesan anvil, a movable strikeretor-coact' with: said: anvil and a rotarytappet for actuating said striker, said tappet being driven in timedrelation with the movement of said: carriage. u 7

v8; The-structurezofr claiml in which'said power driven'means includes a,crossscrew continuously rotated and a -reciprocatory member to travelback and" forth on said screw and operatively connected to said carriageto reciprocate the same. 1

9: In a typewriter for writing continuously from left to right'and fromright to left, a reciprocatory carriage carrying a-rotable platen, amotor driven rotary shaft, means actuated from said shaft forcontinuouslyreciprocating said carriage at axconstant speed, anintermittently operating sound making means-actuated" when saidcarr'iage is in motion .to'indica-te the speed of movementof th ecarriage, and automatic means actuatedby the movement ofsaid carriagefor turning said platen for line spacing at each-end of eachv travel ofthe" carriage. I

iii. The structure 'oficlaim 9' in which said automatic'line spacingmeans includes a shaft extending axially from one end" of the platen androtatable therewith, a ratchet wheel slidably' but non-rotativel mountedon said shaft, a pawl mechanism to coact with'said ratchet wheel, andmeans for intermittently operating said pawl mechanism to cause-it toturn said ratchet wheel at each endof each travel of said carriage, saidlast-mentioned means including a cam movable with: said carriage and atripping mechanism actuated by the movement of said carriage.

11. The structure of claim 10 together with manually actuated: meansassociated with said pawl mechanism to render said line spacing means'inopera-tiveto permit said platen to be manually turned. r .1 2. In atypewriter for writing continuously from left to right and from right toleft, a supporting frame; a carriage mounted thereon for reciprocationand carrying a rotatable platen, power driven means for continuouslyreciprocat ingsaid: carriage at a constant-speed, a shaft fined? to one:end of the platen to rotate therewith and axially aligned with theplaten, a ratchet wheel slidably but non-rotatably mounted on saidshaft, a bearing support fixed to said frame and in which said ratchetwheel is mounted for rotation but held against sliding movement on saidshaft, a pawl for forwardly actuating said ratchet wheel to turn saidplaten for line spacing, a movable carrier for said pawl, a second pawlon said support to engage said ratchet wheel to prevent retrogrademovement of said shaft, and means operated by themovement of saidcarriage for actuating said pawl carrier to cause said first-mentionedpawl to turn said shaft to a predetermined extent at each end of eachtravel of said carriage.

13. The structure of claim 12 in which said pawl carrier is mounted forswing movement about the axis of said shaft and both of said pawlsarepivoted, and in which the last-mentioned means comprises a cam carriedby and movable with said carriage for Swinging said carrier in onedirection to move the actuating pawl rearwardly on the ratchet wheel, aspring for moving said carrier in the other direction to cause the shaftto turn the platen for line spacing, a slidable spring actuated trip onsaid support to hold said carrier against actuation by said spring, anda pair of spaced tripping dogs supported from and movable with saidcarriage to (meet with said slidable trip to cause it to release saidcarrier at each end of each travel of said carriage.

14. In a typwriter for writing continuously from left to right and fromright to left, a supporting frame, a carriage mounted thereon forreciprocation and carrying a rotary platen, a shaft mounted for rotationon said frame and having its longitudinal axis extending in thedirection of movement of said carriage, a cross screw carried by saidshaft, a traveling member reciprocable on said screw and carrying anelement operatively connected to said carriage to reciprocate thelatter, a drive shaft mounted on said frame in axial alignment with saidscrew shaft, an eccentric pin carried by said drive shaft, a radial pincarried by said screw shaft and disposed in the path of movement of saideccentric pin, and a power unit mounted on said frame for driving saiddrive shaft at a constant speed of rotation.

15. In a typewriter for writing continuously from left to right and fromright to left, a supporting frame, a carriage mounted thereon forreciprocation and carrying a rotary platen, a shaft mounted for rotationon said frame, means on said frame for rotating said shaft at a constantspeed, means operated from said shaft for continuously reciprocatingsaid carriage from left to right and from right to left, an annularseries of equally spaced radial pins on said shaft, a swinging strikermounted on said frame in the path of movement of said radial pins, andan anvil on said frame to be intermittentl hit by said striker toproduce an audible signal.

16. In a typewriter of the character set forth, a carriage mounted forreciprocation and carrying a rotary platen, power driven means forcontinuously reciprocating said carriage, and means for turning saidplaten for line spacing at each end of each travel of said carriage,said platen turning means including means moved by said carriage.

1'7. In a typewriter of the character set forth, a carriage mounted forreciprocation and carrying a rotary platen, power driven means forcontinuously reciprocating said carriage, and means for turning saidplaten for line spacing at each end of each travel of said carriage,said platen turning means including a pawl and ratchet mechanism forstep-by-step actuation of said platen for line spacing, and meancontrolled by the movement of said carriage for operating said mechanismat each end of each travel of said carriage.

18. In a typewriter of the character set forth, a carriage mounted forreciprocation and carrying a rotary platen, power driven means forcontinuousl reciprocating said carriage, and means for turning saidplaten for line spacing at each end of each travel of said carriage,said platen turning means including a pawl and ratchet mechanism forstep-by-step actuation of said platen for line spacing, said mechanismincluding a movable trip-controlled member operated by the movement ofsaid carriage, and tripping means for said member actuated at each endof each travel of said carriage to permit said pawl and ratchetmechanism to turn said platen for line spacing.

19. In a typewriter of the character set forth, a carriage mounted forreciprocation and carrying a rotary platen, means for continuouslyreciprocating said carriage, and means for turning said platen for linespacing at each end of each travel of said carriage, said platen turningmeans including a pawl and ratchet mechanism for stepby-step actuationof said platen for line spacing, said mechanism including apawl-carrying lever, a spring for actuating said lever in one direction,a cam moved by said carriage for moving said lever in the oppositedirection, a slidable springpressed trip to coaet with said lever tohold it against actuation by its actuating spring, and space trippingdogs moved by said carriage and ooacting with said slidable trip torelease said lever at the end of each travel of said carriage.

20. The structure of claim 19 together with manually actuated means forrendering said pawl and ratchet mechanism inoperative to permit manualrotation of said platen.

GEORGE Zl'NT.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS

